The main function of the lungs is the process of gas exchange called respiration. In respiration, oxygen from incoming air enters the blood and carbon dioxide, waste gas from the metabolism, leaves the blood.

The lungs are part of the respiratory system, a group of organs and tissues that work together to help one breathe.

Each lung is divided into lobes. The bronchial tree running through the lungs is made up of the windpipe, bronchus, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli.

Regulating blood pressure and the production of red blood cells.

Activating a form of vitamin D that enhances calcium absorption Filtering waste products, excess water, and other impurities out of the blood.

Regulating pH, salt, and potassium levels in the body..

Chronic mucus production that lasts longer. Mucus is produced by the airways as a defense agains tinfections.

Chronic chest pain that lasts longer

Chronic cough that lasts longer

Coughing up blood

Shortness of breath after little or no exertion

Wheezing or noisy breathing

Immunoglobulin IgE

It is used to establish the diagnosis of an allergy and to define the allergens responsible foreliciting signs and symptoms. It may be ordered to determine asthma triggers.

Mantoux Test; Tuberculin Skin Test

This test is used to screen for tuberculosis (TB) active or latent infection. A positive test resultmeans that the person is likely to have been exposed to TB and the person may have a latent or activeTB infection

Chest X-Ray

It is used by doctors to check lung structure and chest cavity. An X-ray will show areas of the lungthat are clogged up or scarred.

CT Scan

CT Scan provides a more detailed evaluation of lung structure.

Chest Ultrasound

Chest Ultrasound is used to detect any fluid buildup in or aroundthe lungs. It uses high frequency sound waves to provide a detailed image of the lungs.

Sputum Culture

Sputum Culture is used to detect and diagnose bacterial lower respiratory tract infections such asPneumonia, Bronchitis.

Blood Gas Analysis, Arterial

This test is used to evaluate lung function by measuring blood pH, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide.

Complete Blood Count (CBC)

CBC is a series of tests that measure red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.

Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA)

This test is used to screen for tuberculosis (TB) active or latent infection. It measures how stronglya person's immune system reacts to specific TB antigens.

Spirometry

This test measures the airflow into the lungs. It is used to evaluate narrowed or obstructed airways.

Oximetry

This test measures the oxygen levels in the blood. The purpose of pulse oximetry is to check how wellthe heart is pumping oxygen through the body.